Hurricane Michael upgraded to Category Five storm
A hurricane that hit Florida last year was the strongest to make landfall in the US in 26 years, new analysis shows.
Hurricane Michael struck in early October, causing 59 deaths and $25bn (£19.2bn) in damage.
It was initially marked as a Category Four hurricane, but data unavailable at the time showed the winds were close to 160mph (257km/h) at landfall.
This makes it only the fourth Category Five storm to hit the US - the highest possible category.
It is also the first Category Five storm to make landfall since Andrew in 1992.
How bad was Michael?
It was already one of the most powerful storms in US history when it made landfall on Florida's Gulf coast on 10 October. It had earlier struck Cuba as a Category Two hurricane.
Among the worst-hit areas of Florida was the town of Mexico Beach, where a storm surge raised sea levels by more than 15ft (4.6 metres).
Seafront homes in Mexico Beach, a town of 1,000, were obliterated and then-governor Rick Scott compared it to a war zone.
The hurricane and associated storm surge were directly responsible for the deaths of 16 people in three states. Another 43 people died in Florida in events linked to the hurricane, including traffic accidents or medical issues compounded by the storm.
Getty ImagesWhy has its category changed?
It was initially reported that Michael had winds of 155mph, but a review concluded that they were in fact five miles an hour faster.
On Friday, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) said it had assessed "data and analyses that were not available in real time", including surface pressure and winds.
The adjustment was "of little practical significance in terms of the impacts associated with the storm", the NOAA said, but it did push the hurricane into the highest grading of storm.
Since reliable record keeping began in 1851, only three Category Five hurricanes were previously known to have struck the US:
- Andrew, in August 1992: 65 people were killed in the Bahamas, Florida and Louisiana; the Florida town of Homestead, near Miami was destroyed as Andrew hit in the middle of the night
- Camille in 1969: It made landfall on Mississippi's Gulf coast with winds of 175mph and a storm surge of more than 24 feet
- An unnamed hurricane in 1935: this remains the most intense storm to ever make landfall in the US - more than 400 people were killed as it hit on the Labor Day weekend
Is climate change to blame?
Hurricanes are powered by warm seas and over the past 100 years, global average sea temperatures have risen by about 1C.
But when you look at the total strength of storms in each year since records began, some years are more fearsome than others.
Meteorologists use something called accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) to calculate the total wind power of all the storms in any given year.
But when you look at a chart showing the strength of storms over the past 100 years, there's no clear upward trend.
You can read more here on why we may not necessarily see more hurricanes as sea temperature rises.