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South America's drought-hit Paraná river at 77-year low

AFP In this aerial view environmentalist Luis Martinez walks along a sand bank at the Parana River, during a historic drought, near Paso de la Patria, Corrientes, Argentina, on August 20, 2021.AFP
The Paraná river is at its lowest level since 1944

The water levels of the Paraná river, the second-longest in South America after the Amazon, are at their lowest since 1944.

The river is key to commercial shipping and fishing but also provides 40 million people with drinking water.

A drought in the region means water levels have dipped so low that fishers' livelihoods are at risk.

Environmentalists fear that the drought has been made more severe by deforestation and climate change.

The Paraná is 4,880km (3,032 miles) long and flows south from south-east Brazil through Paraguay and Argentina.

Map of the Paraná river
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It merges with the Paraguay and Uruguay rivers to form the Río de la Plata Basin.

"The Paraná is the largest, most biodiverse and the most important socio-productive wetland in Argentina," geologist Carlos Ramonell told the AFP news agency.

Southern Brazil, where the Paraná's source is located, has seen three years of below-average rainfalls.

Reuters People walk past a stranded barge on the shore of the Rio Paraguay (Paraguay River), which flows down to the Parana River, as the lack of rain in Brazil, where the river originates, has brought water levels down, forcing cargo ships to reduce the amount of grains that are loaded for export, in Ypane, Paraguay August 30, 2021Reuters
The Paraguay river is also running very low

As a result, the Paraná's flow rate has dropped from an average of 17,000 cubic meters a second to just 6,200.

The low water levels are causing problems for energy production with the hydroelectric plant that spans the Parana river between Argentina and Paraguay running at only 50%.

On Wednesday, Brazil's Vice-President Hamilton Mourão warned that the drought could also lead to energy rationing in Brazil.

It is also hampering the transport of goods with ships not able to load up fully in case they run aground.

The Paraná is a key waterway for the transport of grains and the situation is forcing exporters to consider using land routes.

Forecasters say the drought could last until 2022.

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