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Brazil's Amazon: Surge in deforestation as military prepares to deploy

Reuters Indigenous people show a deforested area in unmarked indigenous lands inside the Amazon rainforest near Humaita, Amazonas State, Brazil August 20, 2019Reuters
Much of the illegal logging takes place on the lands of indigenous tribes

Deforestation in Brazil's Amazon rainforest rose sharply last month as the country prepared to send troops to try to curb illegal logging and mining.

Brazil's space research agency said the area destroyed in April was 64% bigger than in the same period last year.

In the first four months of 2020, destruction of the forest by illegal loggers and ranchers rose 55%, it said.

Environmentalists say President Jair Bolsonaro's policies and rhetoric encourage illegal activity.

Mr Bolsonaro denies this. Earlier this week he authorised the deployment of armed forces to the region.

The Amazon rainforest is a vital carbon store that slows down the pace of global warming.

Brazil's National Institute of Space Research (Inpe) said that more than 405 sq km (156 sq miles) of the Amazon had been deforested last month compared with 248 sq km in April last year.

Between January and April, a total of 1,202 sq km was wiped out, it said.

Conservation groups said that, since the coronavirus outbreak began, fewer government enforcement agents had been deployed.

Brazil has been one of the worst-affected countries in South America, with 141,000 cases and nearly 10,000 deaths.

Reuters A Yanomami indian follows agents of Brazil's environmental agency in a gold mine during an operation against illegal gold mining on indigenous land, in the heart of the Amazon rainforest, in Roraima state, Brazil April 17, 2016Reuters
Government agents discovered this illegal gold mine in the heart of the rainforest

"The pandemic has not helped because there are apparently less agents out there and illegal loggers obviously don't care about the virus in remote areas of the Amazon," said Paulo Barreto, senior researcher for the non-profit conservation group Imazon.

Environmental enforcement agency Ibama said it was scaling back field agents in other at-risk areas but not in the Amazon.

Deforestation in the region has soared since President Bolsonaro took office last year.

He has argued that more farming and mining in protected areas of the forest are the only way to lift the region out of poverty.

Mr Bolsonaro's environmental policies have been widely condemned but he has rejected the criticism, saying Brazil remains an example for conservation.

He has criticised Ibama for what he described as excessive fines. His first year in office saw a sharp drop in financial penalties being imposed for environmental violations. At the same time, the agency remains underfunded and understaffed.

How is the rainforest helping to limit global warming?