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How Canada voted - in charts

Phil Leake, Alison Benjamin, Daniel Wainwright and Jess Carr
Data journalism team
BBC An illustration showing an white outline of a map of Canada in front of black bars and a red background.BBC

Mark Carney's Liberal Party is expected to win enough seats in the House of Commons to form a government in Canada. However, they are still short of the majority they wanted in the House of Commons.

Carney is set to remain prime minister, having only assumed the role in early March following Justin Trudeau's resignation.

His main rival, Conservative leader Pierre Poilievre, is projected to have lost his own seat as has Jagmeet Singh, leader of the New Democratic Party (NDP).

Carney's Liberals are leading in 168 seats but would need 172 for a majority.

The Conservatives are set to remain in opposition as the second-largest party and are leading in 144 seats, with 99% of polls having reported results.

Bloc Québécois is leading in 23 seats and only runs candidates in the province of Quebec. The NDP is leading in seven seats and the Green Party in one.

Both the Liberals and the Conservatives have seen a significant rise in their share of the national vote compared with four years ago.

Increased support for Canada's two largest parties has come at the expense of smaller parties, particularly the New Democratic Party (NDP) whose share of the popular vote is down by around 12 percentage points.

Chart of election results in Carleton after 99% of polls have reported Liberal, Bruce Fanjoy, 51%, up 19 on 2021 Conservative, Pierre Poilievre, 46%, down 6 on 2021 NDP Beth Prokaska, 1%, down 10 on 2021. Change is with 2021 vote share, using new ridings. Source: Elections Canada, last updated: 04:45 ET/09:45 BST

The increased support for the Conservatives was not enough to save Mr Poilievre, who is projected to have lost his own seat in Carleton, Ontario.

The 45-year-old had promised a return to "common sense politics".

Opinion polls at the start of the year had the Conservatives over 20 percentage points ahead of the Liberals. But after the resignation of former Liberal Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and the arrival of new PM Mark Carney and the tariffs announced by US President Donald Trump, that lead evaporated.

In his own seat, Mr Poilievre had 90 opponents, mostly independent candidates linked to a group calling for electoral reform.

The NDP's leader, Jagmeet Singh, also lost his own seat in the House of Commons and came third behind the Liberal and Conservative candidates.

Canada has a "first-past-the-post" electoral system.

The candidate who gets the most votes in each electoral district, or riding, wins that seat and become a Member of Parliament (MP).

The Liberals and the Conservatives have dominated the popular vote, with both parties receiving more than 40% each of ballots counted across Canada so far.

This has them on track to win a combined 90% of seats.

The NDP has received just over 6% of the total vote declared so far, but this translates to just 2% of seats in the House of Commons.

Bloc Québécois has just over 6% of the vote and a similar share of seats.

A map showing the number of seats won by each party across Canada’s 13 provinces. Seats are broken down as follows: Ontario - Liberal 69 seats, Conservative 53 Quebec - Liberal 43 seats, Bloc Quebecois 23, Conservative 11, NDP 1 British Columbia - Conservative 20 seats, Liberal 19, NDP 3, Green 1 Alberta - Conservative 34 seats, Liberal 2, NDP 1 Manitoba - Conservative 7 seats, Liberal 6, NDP 1 Saskatchewan - Conservative 13 seats, Liberal 1 Nova Scotia - Liberal 10 seats, Conservative 1 New Brunswick - Liberal 6 seats, Conservative 4 Newfoundland and Labrador - Liberal 5 seats, Conservative 2 Prince Edward Island - Liberal 4 seats Northwest Territories - Liberal 1 seat Yukon - Liberal 1 seat Nunavut - NDP 1 seat

The Liberals are on course to win the most seats in the key provinces of Ontario and Quebec, which account for 200 of Canada's 343 electoral districts.

The Conservatives are ahead in Alberta, while there is little to choose between the two main parties in British Columbia.

A map shows the election results in 2021 and in 2025 in areas surrounding Toronto. In Toronto itself, most seats are Liberal red including one in St Paul's won back from the Conservatives. It had been lost in a by-election in 2024. The Conservatives have turned 9 seats from red to blue. And the NDP have lost their only seat on this map to the Liberals.

One of the most closely-watched areas was around Toronto. The "905" are places that all share the same telephone code.

While the Liberals won in most of Toronto, including a seat they lost in a by-election last year, the Conservatives were able to flip some of the ridings in the surrounding region.

The NDP also lost a seat, Hamilton Centre, that they'd held for over 20 years.

Turnout at Canadian federal elections Percentage of registered electors that voted, 2004 to 2025 2004: 61 2006: 65 2008: 59 2011: 61 2015: 68 2019: 67 2021: 66 2025: 67 Source: Elections Canada Note: 2025 results are provisional and based on results from 99% of polls. Does not include electors who registered on election day. Last updated 4:30 ET / 9:30 BST

About two-thirds of registered electors voted, according to the preliminary results from Elections Canada. This is in up on the last election in 2021 and similar to 2015 and 2019.

More than 7 million Canadians cast their ballots in advance, setting a new record for early voter turnout, Elections Canada said.

The words "Canada election" on a red background with a white maple leaf